读书笔记

今天读《科学研究的艺术》(The Art of Scientific Investigation)，应老师推荐的，果然是本好书。其中一段：
福尔摩斯还未到现场之前，他对案情不作任何揣测与预断，他认为那是最危险的，他曾说："在你还没有任何证据之前就作推论，那是最大的错误与偏见，而不是判断。"

前几天看英文版的孙子兵法，翻译得很好，里面的一段话是这么说的：
16. While heading the profit of my counsel, avail yourself also of any helpful circumstances over and beyond the ordinary rules. 17. According as circumstances are favorable, one should modify one's plans. [Sun Tzu, as a practical soldier, will have none of the "bookish theoric." He cautions us here not to pin our faith to abstract principles; "for," as Chang Yu puts it, "while the main laws of strategy can be stated clearly enough for the benefit of all and sundry, you must be guided by the actions of the enemy in attempting to secure a favorable position in actual warfare." On the eve of the battle of Waterloo, Lord Uxbridge, commanding the cavalry, went to the Duke of Wellington in order to learn what his plans and calculations were for the morrow, because, as he explained, he might suddenly find himself Commander-in-chief and would be unable to frame new plans in a critical moment. The Duke listened quietly and then said: "Who will attack the first tomorrow -- I or Bonaparte?" "Bonaparte," replied Lord Uxbridge. "Well," continued the Duke, "Bonaparte has not given me any idea of his projects; and as my plans will depend upon his, how can you expect me to tell you what mine are?" ]
这段英文翻译的《孙子兵法》中的原文是："计利以听，乃为之势，以佐其外。势者，因利而制权也。"古文我倒是没读懂，这英文的解释倒是很好的读懂了。

Covey先生写的《成功人士的7个习惯》，里面讲到的paradigm，很多人就是按照自己的paradigm去看问题，去解决问题。而在Covey的《第8个习惯》里面说："If you want to make minor, incremental changes and improvements, work on practices, behavior or attitude. But if you want to make significant, quantum improvement, work on paradigms."

收获：一定要具体情况具体分析，不要主观，即实事求是。一定要计利以听，具有使事物朝着好的方向发展的能力，即抓住任何积极因素，使事物朝着好的方向发展（即使是消极因素，也要转化成积极因素）。要有高的境界，不要受旧的思想的束缚，要研究新情况，解决新问题，即解放思想。